The Determined Victor Jimmy Connors :: Essays Papers

The Determined Victor Jimmy Connors The Determined Victor What is a saint? A legend is somebody who has accomplished numerous objectives throughout their life; somebody respected for his noteworthy endeavors; or somebody who shows colossal boldness. A saint controls a lot of intensity of power, or solid impact over others. At the point when individuals imagine a saint, they for the most part think about a hero, a paragon, a winner, or a VIP. Jimmy Connors spoke to every one of these characteristics. He showed power when he was on the tennis court, and he stated his power off the court. Mr. Connors is a prevailing, compelling powerhouse. A victor was conceived unconsciously on September 2, 1952. A kid was destined to transcend his confidants. He was conceived James Scott Connors after his dad. From the time he was scarcely three years of age, nobody could advise that little Jimmy would have been a boss. Bound for greatness his mom and grandma realized that for Jimmy to be incredible he would need to buckle down. So regularly until Jimmy was a young person his mom and grandma would penetrate him with tennis balls, seeing early that he had huge ability. Little for his age, Jimmy needed to compensate for it by one way or another. So while other kids his age played with toys or watched T.V., Jimmy would be out on the tennis court taking a shot at his game. Jimmy needed to be the best. He realized that his prosperity relied upon his speed and his procedure. Jimmy worked like an evil spirit to compensate for the distinction. By age 8, Jimmy was capable enough to go into competitions, and he made a decent appearing in them. Jimmy didn't win his first competition until he was in the ten-year-old rivalry. The misfortunes just gave him assurance and the successes just gave humbleness. Jimmy Connors, a paragon of various types, had an unconquerable soul. Jimmy realized that he must act naturally out on the tennis courts in the event that he needed to succeed. Now and again in Jimmy’s vocation, he was known as a ruined imp for his presumptuous demeanor. He was regularly called â€Å"mouth†. He had this soul since the time he was a little youngster. Being the littler child of his age gathering, he needed to have something to clutch.

The Poetics of Popular Music Essays (770 words) - Natalie

The Poetics of Popular Music Essays (770 words) - Natalie 1247555 The Poetics of Popular Music November 25, 2014 Whats in a name? To name something is an approach to distinguish. Be that as it may, what this implies relies upon the significance of names, the importance of personality, and the connection between the name and the thing named. On the off chance that there was a tune that could have a solid significance with a people name in the title what might it be? A tune titled by a people name would give significantly more dept and incentive to its title, for example, the tune Natalie by Mars/Lawrence/Hernandez/Levine. The motivation behind why I picked this melody is on the grounds that we see Mars recounting to an account of his vengeance about a gold digger named Natalie. She took his cash and left him broke, in which this would be the ideal melody to break down the title and its connection to the arranger. Natalie is a lady who Bruno began dating and experienced passionate feelings for her. He in the end discovered that she was a gold digger who abandoned him. The speaker included this name, since he need ed the perusers to know the individual that he was enamored with, until he discovers her real nature. In spite of the fact that Natalie played with his feelings, the author portrays the circumstance with a positive tone; for instance when he reveals to us that I spend a lifetime in prison (better believe it, that is I'll specialty)/I'll be grinning in my cell (no doubt, considering you) (32-33). The writer is conceding that he doesnt care about the result of killing Natalie; As long as he can get his vengeance on her, damnation be glad to spend a mind-blowing remainder in prison, knowing shes a distant memory. I understand that the author utilizes a procedure in the tune, which is the synecdoche of lines. This strategy changes the manner in which you decipher the melody, in light of the fact that the speaker utilizes words that allude to the entire thing. A verse that delineates well this circumstance is But when I put my wager on her/Little Miss Snake eyes demolished my life (10-11 ). Here Bruno utilizes the words Snake eyes, in which getting snake eyes in a round of shakers brings about a misfortune and furthermore it has been related with individuals who have attributes of untrustworthiness, selling out and foul play. Thus the speaker utilized these words to allude to Natalie, for which these are quality she appears to have. Word tally: 353 words Verses Goodness, I never done this Never wanna do this again Wrong turn on a dusty street I did it to myself, I can't imagine Indeed, I learned only excessively late Great God, I must've been visually impaired 'Cause she got me for everything, everything, everything, okay Like my daddy I'm a betting man Never been reluctant to roll the shakers Be that as it may, when I put my wager on her Little Miss Snake eyes demolished my life She better lay down with one eye open Better make a point to bolt her entryways 'Cause once I get my hands on her, Imma goodness Natalie she fled with all my cash Also, she did it for the sake of entertainment Natalie she's likely out there believing it's entertaining Telling everybody All things considered, I'm burrowing a dump For this gold-burrowing bitch Watch out she's snappy Post for an entirely seemingly insignificant detail named Natalie on the off chance that you see her disclose to her I'm coming She better run The great ruler better favor your spirit 'Cause I done previously reviled your name Don't make a difference what direction you go Recompense's going to come your direction You'll be beseeching me, if it's not too much trouble it would be ideal if you please Also, presently I take a gander at you and snicker, giggle, chuckle While you stay there and weep for me, sob for me, sob for me the entire night I spend a lifetime in prison (better believe it, that is I'll main thing) I'll be grinning in my cell (no doubt, thinking session you) Can't no one spare you now So there ain't no utilization in attempting When I get my hands on you, Imma gracious Natalie she fled with all my cash What's more, she did it for entertainment only Natalie she's most likely out there believing it's entertaining Telling everybody Indeed, I'm burrowing a jettison For this gold-burrowing bitch Watch out she's speedy Post for a really easily overlooked detail named Natalie in the event that you see her reveal to her I'm coming She better run I should've known better (I should've known better) 'Cause when we were together ('Cause when we were together) She never said always (She never said for eternity) I'm a bonehead that

Understanding Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Children

Understanding Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Children GAD Print Understanding Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Children By Keath Low Keath Low, MA, is a therapist and clinical scientist with the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities at the University of North Carolina. She specializes in treatment of ADD/ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Keath Low Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 08, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 01, 2019 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children In This Article Table of Contents Expand Prevalence Symptoms and Diagnosis Causes and Risk Factors Treatment Coping Skills Tips for Parents/Caregivers View All A certain amount of anxiety is a normal part of a child’s healthy development. Brief separation anxiety, fears of the dark, strangers,  loud noises, or storms are all common worries children may experience as they grow and mature. However, if your child starts to experience more consistent anxiety across a range of topics and areas of their life, such as around school, friends, family, health, and sports, it may be time to consider exploring if they struggle with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD).?? As a parent or caregiver, dont let the possibility alarm you. Once you seek help, and if appropriate receive a diagnosis, youre bringing your child one step closer to an improved quality of life. Verywell / JR Bee Prevalence Approximately 15-20% of youth in the general population struggle with anxiety disorders.?? Among children with ADHD, the rate appears to be even higher. As with adults who experience Generalized Anxiety Disorder, female children are twice as likely as their male peers to be diagnosed with GAD. Symptoms and Diagnosis Children with generalized anxiety experience excessive, unrealistic worry and fear about everyday things. They often anticipate disaster or worst-case scenarios. They may also experience restlessness, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, fatigue, difficulty swallowing, a need for frequent urination, stomach aches, and sleep difficulties.?? The tension and stress are chronic and debilitating, affecting multiple areas of the childs life. Just getting through the day can be a struggle. A child may recognize their anxiety is exaggerated and still experience great difficulty controlling or managing it. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (5th edition), often referred to as the DSM-5, outlines specific criteria to be met in order to be properly diagnosed with GAD. For one, symptoms need to be experienced for at least six months in order to be appropriately diagnosed. To make sure that your child is properly diagnosed and cared for most effectively, it is best to have a trained mental health provider to assess your child. There are providers who work specifically with children and adolescents and those who are also trained in working with anxiety disorders. Causes and Risk Factors There is no singular identified cause of generalized anxiety disorder in children or adults. A variety of factors can influence the development and onset of GAD, including genetic predisposition, family dynamics, life experiences, and neurobiological factors.   Children who have experienced challenging life situations or maltreatment may be at greater risk for developing GAD.?? These experiences can leave children feeling uncertain of people and their surroundings, unsafe and out of control of their environment. It is common for people of all ages who have been through experiences of challenge, loss, humiliation or abandonment to feel anxious in future situations of uncertainty and children are no different. Puberty can bring on additional stressors and feelings of self-consciousness that can add to feelings of anxiety.?? Frustrations and repeated difficulties in social relationships and school performance can lead to increased anxiety about being embarrassed in front of peers, as well as fears about letting down parents or teachers. Though these feelings are all normal, if they dont subside with time and, instead, escalate or begin to interfere with your childs daily activities, there may be more cause for concern. Treatment Treatment plans for GAD in children and adolescents are tailored based on their unique situation. There are a variety of options to choose from. Counseling Psychotherapy Psychotherapeutic interventions are important in the treatment of GAD in children and adolescents. Counseling offers children a place to share their worries without fear of judgment, rejection, or feeling dismissed.?? Through the process, a trained mental health clinician will help your child with things such as: Openly sharing thoughts and feelingsIdentifying fears and worriesDeveloping positive self-talk to help reduce anxietyIncreasing coping skills like socialization, physical activity, and self-assuranceDeveloping and using relaxation techniques As a caregiver, you and your family will likely be asked to participate in your childs treatment. The counseling professional will often use this time to help educate parents about generalized anxiety disorder, suggest helpful techniques and to allow time for the family to process together some of the childs anxious thoughts and feelings in an effective, healthy way. Medication For situations when a childs anxiety is mild to moderate in terms of the severity and the impact the symptoms are having on daily living, medication may not be necessary. When the anxiety symptoms are moderate to severe, your provider may begin to educate you and your family about options for medication to help control symptoms.?? Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, also referred to as SSRIs, tend to be the more commonly prescribed medications prescribed for children and adolescents with anxiety. SSRIs include medications such as: Prozac (fluoxetine)Celexa (citalopram)Zoloft (sertraline)Lexapro (escitalopram) As with all medications, prescriptions used to treat anxiety have risks. Your childs physician or psychiatrist will prescribe them if they believe the benefits outweigh those risks. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs Coping Skills There are a variety of coping techniques that children and teens can use to help ease the uncomfortable symptoms of anxiety, socially, behaviorally, and emotionally. Learning what works well for your child is key. You may want to suggest the following ideas and allow your child, depending on age, to choose which ones they would like to try first. Let them know that it is time to explore what works well for them. If a technique doesnt seem to be helping after a period of time, that is okay. Giving them the freedom to let you know what is helping and what doesnt seem to be helping can be beneficial and help to minimize stress. Slowing Down Mindfulness, prayer, relaxation, and breathing exercises are all practices that can help slow down your childs anxious thoughts and emotional responses.?? Anxiety keeps us focused on the what ifs of the future and can rob us of the opportunity to live in the present. Slowing the process down with intentional and peaceful action can be helpful. There are a variety of mindfulness exercises, prayers, meditations, progressive relaxation, and breathing exercises available. Social Connection Anxiety can make children and teens want to isolate from peers and family members. Help your child feel safe to connect with others, offering opportunities to be with family and enjoy each others company by playing games, spending time outdoors together or finding a common interest or hobby. Volunteering in the community can be another wonderful way to help your child stay connected to others. Allow them to explore and identify something they feel passionate about and help them seek out related opportunities in the community to help. Self-Care Sleep routines, eating habits, and physical activity all contribute to your childs well-being.?? Your child might struggle in a certain area like sleep or physical activity, especially if they experience restlessness, muscle tension or fatigue due to their anxiety. Helping your child create a plan of self-care can improve their ability to cope with anxiety and learn to effectively manage stress. Tips for Parents/Caregivers A first step in helping your child manage and overcome anxiety is recognizing it and sometimes this can be difficult. Children struggling with GAD can sometimes be quiet, shy, and cautious. They may be very compliant and eager to please adults. On the other hand, an anxious child may act out with tantrums, crying, avoidance, and disobedience. These behaviors may be misinterpreted as oppositional and difficult when they are actually anxiety related. As a caregiver, it is important to be aware of some of the ways severe anxiety can show up in children. With increased understanding of generalized anxiety disorder, you will be better able to intervene early and find the necessary help. Early intervention and treatment can make a world of difference for your child and can prevent further complications around the anxiety. If you have concerns or questions about possible symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder in your child, be sure to talk with your pediatrician or trained mental health professional.

The Threat Of A Threat Source For Exercise ( Accidentally...

Background NIST defines threat as â€Å"The potential for a threat-source to exercise (accidentally trigger or intentionally exploit) a specific vulnerability.† Vulnerability can be referred as a weakness in a particular system or network that can expose the system or network to risk. A threat-source can exploit the loophole in the system and take adversarial advantage of it. This loophole can be a development flaw or something the developers may have never thought of it being a potential vulnerability. ISO 13335 – Information Technology Security Techniques defines â€Å"risk† as: â€Å"The potential that a given threat will exploit vulnerabilities of an asset or group of assets and thereby cause harm to the organization†. Figure Source: http://www.digitalthreat.net/2009/06/threat-vs-vulnerability-vs-risk/ The probability of an attack depends on factors like motivation and intent of the actor and probability of attack’s success. The threat, probability of an attack and the impact of the attack on the business equals to the total risk. Figure Source: http://www.digitalthreat.net/2009/06/threat-vs-vulnerability-vs-risk/ Risk Assessment and Management The goal of risk assessment is to minimize the risk effects on the organization and mitigate the impact. There are certain guidelines that are to be followed for the process. Any information security strategy of a business is not complete without it’s risk assessment and management. IT department plays a key role in riskShow MoreRelatedHuman Factor And Security Risks Associated With Information Technologies978 Words   |  4 Pages Contents Human Factor and Security risks associated with Information Technologies 1 Introduction 1 Information Security and Types of Human Factor Errors 1 System Security Threats 2 IT-related risk 3 Bibliography 4 Introduction It is hard to accept that nowadays, organizations get along without having an astute and decisive information system. Providing a reliable and coherence information system requires a solid security framework that ensures confidentiality, integrityRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesFull-Service Project Management: Sharon Anderson/BookMasters, Inc. 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A new pedagogical feature, based on a reviewer’s recommendationRead MoreAccounting Information System Chapter 1137115 Words   |  549 Pages(interactions with external parties). Student answers should contain many of the things in Table 1-2 and Figure 1-1 as well as others not shown, as a retail operation differs from an application development enterprise. The author concludes the exercise by having the students turn to Table 1-2 and Figure 1-1 while he emphasizes the need for owners, managers, and employees of organizations to identify the information needed to make key decisions in the company’s business processes and the key Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:Read MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages..................................................................................... 17 Glossary ............................................................................................................................................. 18 Exercises ............................................................................................................................................ 19 CHAPTER 2 Claims, Issues, and Arguments ......................................................Read MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pagesanalysis 7.1.2.6.3 Contingency reserves 7.3.3.4 Change control management G.7 Culture awareness 1.4.4 Project offices 8.1.2 Continuous improvement 5.1 Requirements vs. actual [5.3] Chapter 17 Agile PM 6.1.2.2 Rolling wave This page intentionally left blank Project Management The Managerial Process The McGraw-Hill/Irwin Series Operations and Decision Sciences OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT Beckman and Rosenfield, Operations, Strategy: Competing in the 21st Century, First Edition BentonRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesEmployment 40 Training and Development 41 Compensation and Benefits 42 Employee Relations 42 vi Contents Top Management Commitment 43 Effective Upward Communication 43 Determining What to Communicate 44 Allowing for Feedback 44 Information Sources 44 The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 62 The Civil Rights Act of 1991 63 The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 63 Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act of 1994 64 Relevant Executive Orders 64 vii WORKPLACE ISSUES:Read MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 PagesADMINISTRATION 561 Photolite Corporation (A) 563 Photolite Corporation (B) 566 Photolite Corporation (C) 569 Photolite Corporation (D) 574 First Security Bank of Cleveland Jackson Industries 583 580 16 TIME MANAGEMENT 587 Time Management Exercise 589 17 INDUSTRY SPECIFIC: CONSTRUCTION 613 Robert L. Frank Construction Company The Lyle Construction Project 652 615 Con tents ix Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited: Hongkong Bank Headquarters (A) 635 Hong

Review Of The Book The Perfect Choice.this - 891 Words

Extremely Loud Incredibly Close is the type of book whereby once you finish reading the book you take away something valuable. The plot of the book wasn t too elaborate because there was no plot twist or anything dramatic. It was a simple story of learning how to cope no matter what life throws at you. I love that it wasn’t just about 9-11 but also about the war torn Dresden and Hiroshima. My thoughts on the book is that this is probably the most powerful anti-war book I’ve ever read. The stream of consciousness writing style is the perfect choice.This is a book filled with overwhelming feeling.The book is written in a unique way and includes a lot of photographs that give you a look into Oskar s mind who happens to be the protagonist in the book. I like the fact that It’s not depressing and parts of the book are also very humorous and funny. The characters are living after experiencing tremendous loss, some which happened recently and some which happened a life time ago. They are all unable to move on. They are unable to communicate their fears or their hurt, so they just keep it locked up, keep feeling it and reliving it. It s all quite depressing. But at the same time there are happen moments the make the depressing moments worth it. The protagonist Oskar starts out as a 9 year old who finds it difficult to come to terms with his father s death. He is intelligent and imaginative, capable of explaining the intriguing concepts of his inventions using strong words for

Transgender and Stereotypical Feminine Traits Free Essays

Emily Johanson First Year Seminar Response Paper #4 Final Version due Monday, Nov. 12 Gender Roles in Transamerica Transamerica is an example of how Hollywood portrays transgender people in film. The movie gets rolling when Huffman who portrays Bree a conservative pre-operative transsexual woman tells her therapist she discovered she had a son named Toby. We will write a custom essay sample on Transgender and Stereotypical Feminine Traits or any similar topic only for you Order Now She has to bail him out of jail in order for her therapist to allow her to have her procedure done in a week. The plot unfolds as they get to know each other driving back to California. However, Toby doesn’t know that Bree is his father. Transamerica reinforces a number of transgender stereotypes, and portrays both main characters with stereotypical feminine traits. Throughout the film, Bree reinforces stereotypical transgender behavior. We see this by her taking her hormone pills every day and just trying to blend into the world as a woman. Many people feel that being a transgender is a mental disorder. In the opening of the movie, Bree is in a meeting with her doctor to get her procedure signed off. He is evaluating her to see if she has a mental disorder. Also, Bree’s mom tried to commit her which led to her suicide attempt. When Joyce Murton came to talk to us, she said that many transgender people attempt suicide, so this was a stereotypical behavior. Also, Joyce told us that she didn’t have a good relationship with her family. We also see this in the film. Bree’s mom still sees her as her son Stanley. When they went out to dinner she even had Bree pull out her chair for her which is a stereotypical male behavior. She also made her switch seats so Toby would be next to her. She is using Toby as her replacement son. When Bree told her she never had a son, she broke down in the restaurant. She feels as though she lost a member of her family. I think this is stereotypical for families of transgender people. Bree and Toby display stereotypically feminine traits. Bree may have been born male, but she acts exceedingly female; even her tastes in clothing and home decor are very feminine and old-fashioned. On their drive back to California, Bree and Toby stop and camp out for the night. When Bree goes to the bathroom, she is worried about snakes. This is a typical female trait. Also, for being a guy most of her life, she is really good at talking to boys. For example, when she met Calvin she got him to buy her food and drive her to her parent’s house. He ended up developing feelings for her. On the other hand, Toby’s delicate prettiness underscores his vulnerability, as well as his femininity. Toby acts with his sexuality. For example, when he realizes that he has become attached to Bree, he tells her, â€Å"I’ll marry you if you want,† even though she’s given no indication of any romantic or sexual interest. After the car is stolen by the hitchhiker, he deals with it by finding a guy to do what he knows best. The way that Toby used his body to get money or to deal with his problems is a female characteristic. Most males would use their fists not their sexuality. The film Transamerica reinforces stereotypical transgender people, and portrays both Bree and Toby with stereotypical feminine traits. This film really makes you think about how people react to transgender people. Most people would turn away from them and not hire them for a job. However, Toby shows you a different outlook. Instead of being mad at Bree for being a transgender, he was mad at her for lying to him. The other part didn’t bother him. At the end of the film, he even went to Bree’s house and wants to get to know her better. This was inspiring because it allows people to see that a transgender person is just like everyone else, and they shouldn’t feel like they have to hide who they are. How to cite Transgender and Stereotypical Feminine Traits, Papers

The gospel according to Black Elk Essay Example For Students

The gospel according to Black Elk Essay My friend, I am going to tell you the story of my life, as you wish; and if it were only the story of my life I think I would not tell it; for what is one man that he should make much of his winters, even when they bend him like a heavy snow? So many other men have lived and shall live that story, to be grass upon the hills. It is the story of all life that is holy and is good to tell, and of us two-leggeds sharing in it with the four-leggeds and the wings of the air and all green things; for these are children of one mother and their father is one Spirit Now that I can see it all from a lonely hilltop, I know it was the story of a mighty vision given to a man too weak to use it; of a holy tree that should have flourished in a peoples heart with flowers and singing birds, and now is withered; and of a peoples dream that died in bloody snow. We will write a custom essay on The gospel according to Black Elk specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now But if the vision was true and mighty, as I know, it is true and mighty yet; for such things are of the spirit, and it is in the darkness of their eyes that men get lost. From Black Elk Speaks In 1876 a young man named Black Elk witnessed the battle for Little Big Horn in which Custer bit the dust and the Seventh Cavalry was wiped out. Later, he experienced the aftermath of the unprovoked massacre of innocent Indian women, children and men at Wounded Knee in 1890they had been dancing a ghost dance, trying to fulfill a vision of Indian renaissance in which all whites would disappear. Black Elk was an Oglala Sioux holy man who decided to tell an Anglo poet his peoples modern history as a living testament to his Lakota society. John G. Neihardt went to the barren hills of South Dakota in 1930 to gather information for The Song of the Messiah, the final narrative poem of his Cycle of the West. I had gone for the purpose of finding some old medicine man who had been active in the Messiah Movement and who might somehow be induced to talk to me about the deeper spiritual significance of the matter, the poet writes in his preface to the book that eventually emerged from his experi ences in South Dakota, Black Elk Speaks. Neihardt reports that, on the day of their first meeting, Black Elkwho was not only active in the Messianic or ghost dance movement, but also a second cousin of the warrior Crazy Horsesaid to him, What I know was given to me for men and it is true and it is beautiful. Soon I shall be under the grass and it will be lost. You were sent to save it, and you must come back so that I can teach you. When he returned the following summer, Neihardts talks with Black Elk were interpreted by the old mans son and then taken down in stenography by Neihardts daughter, Enid. Her notes and transcripts are preserved at the University of Missouri, Columbia. It is the secondhand nature of the book that has produced some controversy. Present debates center on the question of Neihardts literary intrusions into Black Elks system of beliefs, and some scholars have said the book reflects more of Neihardt than it does of Black Elk, explains Vine Deloria Jr. in the introduction to the current University of Nebraska Press edition of the book. Despite these concerns, Black Elk Speaks has become a classic among oral historiesa paean to a suppressed culture and an alternative history of the end of a very long war. This fall, Black Elks story of the true and beautiful had another incarnation with the premiere of a stage version of Black Elk Speaks at the Denver Center Theatre Company. The entire run of the play sold out with the strongest ticket response the Denver company has ever had, and enthusiastic multi-ethnic audiences consistently gave the production emotional ovations. Given the guilt-producing subject of the playthe ruthless subjugation of native peoples from Columbus to Wounded Kneethis reaction might seem odd. But the piece is far from polemicalits witty, entertaining and profoundly moving theatre. And it offers a stem, strong, unsentimental vision of hope. The play departs from the books timeline, giving an overview of the conquest of Native peoples from 1492 to the 20th century, but remains true to the spirit of the original. Playwright Christopher Sergel began working on a theatrical version of Black Elk Speaks in 1974. But it was only last year that he approached Donovan Marley, artistic director of the Denver Center Theatre, with his draft of the play and the original text. The two started to collaborate on the piece, but Sergel died before the first act was completed. Marley and Sergels widow, Gayle Sergel, worked together to finish the play with the help of Aleut actress and choreographer Jane Lind, and Haudenosaunee composer Dennis Yerry. .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085 , .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085 .postImageUrl , .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085 , .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085:hover , .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085:visited , .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085:active { border:0!important; } .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085:active , .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085 .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6fac380ef23de1373ca5adc2daf7e085:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Welcome to Alabama Essay The playthe end result of 12 drafts labored over between May and September of this yearcombines elements of Sioux storytelling with American theatre performance traditions. It is not Native American art, but neither is it merely a European derivative. One important element is the Oglala winter telling style of storytelling. The people sit in a circle and someone starts to tell a familiar story. Anyone can dive in when the narrative arrives at his or her favorite part. Dialogue, when called for, and crowd reactions are also supplied by the participants. Taking a cue from this tradition, Marley arranged his 20-member castmade up entirely of Native American actorsaround a circle or hoop at the beginning of the play. The actors came and went, taking on various roles, participating in a series of vignettes and returning at the end of Act 2 to the circle. Black Elk tells his story to his grandson, a teenager raised in government schools who has been taught to scorn his heritage. As the old man unfolds the story of the native nations, he directs the action. He chooses a young man to play Columbus, warning him to try and figure out how Columbus thought and felt. The same young man then plays a Navajo leader named Manuelito. The scene is intended to convey the Lakota idea of a Navajo warrior, not a Navajo ideal. The distinction is critical and telling. It speaks not only to ethnic diversitytribal particularitiesbut also to the universality of fundamental Indian beliefs. The Sioux warrior is meant to identify with the Navajo warrior. Pan-Indianism, however politically incorrect, is about solidarity when it countsin the defense of native cultures and in the legislation protecting Indian rights. Black Elk points out more than once that when the Indians united against their enemies, they were victorious in battle. He is addressing contemporary Indianswhen they unite today, they win in the courtrooms and in the legislatures. The Native American cast represents many cultures, and when disputes arose in rehearsal over ethnographic details, Marley always resolved them by choosing the Oglala tradition. Black Elks granddaughters and great-grandsons traveled to Denver to help with language, and when Indian language is used in the play it is most often Lakota. Stephen C. Dubray, the Oglala Keeper of Songs who performs in this production, composed some of the pieces distinctly Sioux songs and chose others from the tribes existing repertoire. Rattles, drums and other small objects were contributed by various tribes and are almost ever-present. When battles are fought or people slaughtered, the drums provide chilling sound effects for the stylized movement. Marley has spared no effort to touch as many Indian nations as possible. When an Aleut drum wails mysteriously, it embraces Alaskan natives into this history. Research for the play has been extensive and the drama is rich in irrefutable factual and ethnographic detail. At the Western History Museum in Denver, Marley found a wealth of detail. The Museums collection contains U.S. Army records from the period, including those of Colonel John Chivingtona psychopath who ordered the massacre of a peaceful encampment of Indians at Sand Creek. His men dismembered the bodies of the women and children and displayed the pieces in Denver. Disgusted, his own officers saw to it that he was driven out of the army, though many citizens tried to make him a hero. Although we dont hear specifically about the display of small limbs of the victims in the play, when an Indian woman (Jane Lind) recounts the terror and horror of the massacre at Sand Creek and at Washita River, there is holocaust behind her words. As soon as the firing began, the warriors put the families together trying to protect them. But there were so few young men, and soon they had been killed. The women were desperate, Linds character Yellow Woman says. A few of them ran out to let the soldiers see they were womenand they begged for mercy. Their bodies were mutilated in such a way I cannot say the words. .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad , .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad .postImageUrl , .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad , .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad:hover , .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad:visited , .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad:active { border:0!important; } .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad:active , .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8633f3aebabf16cfc8c70388e415abad:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Absurdist acting style EssayAssembling such a large cast proved difficult. The Indian tradition does not include performing for an audience. When Indian people dance and sing, Marley said in a recent interview, it is an event that will have religious significance (or daily life significance), but it is participatory. He needed trained actors who could handle, sustain and make interesting the tremendous amount of language in the play. He also had to cast musicians and dancers. He auditioned players in five cities, traveling with Gayle Sergel, Lind and Dennis Yerry. In the end, it cost more to cast Black Elk Speaks than any entire season at the DCTC in the past 10 years. The role of Black Elk went to Ned Romero, a character actor who started out in opera, moved to musical theatre, and then went on to play a variety of Indian film and television roles (Northern Exposure is a recent credit). At 66, he is the same age Black Elk was when he spoke the book. When Romero first saw the script, he turned it down. Im semi-retired, he says, I couldnt believe the amount of work this would entail. But he has found it one of the most inspiring roles of his entire career. Im very humbled by this role, he says. Im not sure how to articulate it. From a purely technical standpoint, it was very difficult. Just repeating some of the words Black Elk spoke. Romero points out that the play reflects the complexity of human nature and history. In fact, the play is not entirely balanced; it generally fails to recognize Indian atrocities and simplifies the causes of Westward expansionwhich were not only about greed or Manifest Destiny, as the play implies. There are good people and bad people in every society and in every walk of life, responds Romero. The Indians did some bad things also. If we were all perfect, we would be in paradise. I like the idea that this was essentially a play about healing wounds rather than about picking sores, Marley elaborates. Theres a wonderful irony about Indians playing white people after a lifetime of watching films in which whites played Indians. I think every artistic project has to validate itself artistically, the director adds. Theres so much pressure now on people who are doing theatre to lower artistic aspirations and standards in order to be inclusive. Both Romero and Marley believe that the chief concern of the play is modern mans disconnection from things that are important. Marley uses the metaphor of the broken hoop as the metaphor for the broken community. Its not only Indian hoops that are broken. Right now we live in a society in which our family hoops are broken, says Marley. We cant go out at night because we are afraidbecause our community hoops are broken. Our national hoops are broken. And everyone who came to this country came because their hoops were broken. And so the power of the piece may have to do with that. Stephen Dubray, who is an Oglala, thought of refusing to participate, but Black Elks family asked him to help tell Grandpas story. So I asked my father and some elders if it would be all right to use some of the songs, he says. I made sure that I did not do anything that would make them feel bad, or make me feel bad. Kiowa/Navajo activist, columnist, actor and television personality John Belindo found his participation in Black Elk Speaks a singular experience. This has taken all of us by surprise, he says. During the whole of the 500-years war, he continues, during the saga of Indian liberation that continues today, American history has had a pro-European bias. The frontiersmen and soldiers are seen as heroes, the settlers as peaceful, and Indians as the villains. But the play offers us a sense of wonder about our culture and a sense of outrage over their destruction. The book is a testament to survival and to the continuation of Native American people, adds Belindo, who plays several white generals as well as Indians in the play. If you look at the sum total of all its parts, Black Elk says that despite the ravages of war, the spirit and the traditions live on. And that is something no force can destroy or obliterate from the face of the earth.